Background: The ESBL enzymes producing, is the most important resistance factor against ß-lactam antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria family. The aim of this study was the evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of proteus species isolated from UTI in Ilam, and detection of blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes in these species.

Materials and Methods: Out of 200 urine samples, those were culture positive, were collected from medical centers in Ilam city. All samples were determined using routine biochemical and microbiological diagnosis tests. Proteus isolates were selected for determining of antibiogram profiles, MIC and also persistent (frequency) of blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes by PCR method.

Results: Total of 200 urine samples, 120 samples (60%) were collected from women and 80 samples (40%) were collected from men. Among samples tested 25 samples (12.5%) were found to be proteus species.  The highest rate of contamination was related to age ranges of 21-30 years old (40%).  proteus species was subjected for determining of MIC and antibiogram profile and then using phonotyping method 12 isolates (48%) were found to be ESBL producing, those 12 species (48%) were resistant to Ceftazidime, 10 species (40%) were resistant to Cefotaxime and 8 species (32%) were resistant to Ciprofloxacin. Using double disc synergy test (DDST), totally 10 species (40%) were found as ESBL, and molecular detection of species using PCR showed that 10 species (40%) have had blaTEM gene and 8 species (32%) were containing of blaCTX-M gene. 

Conclusion: In regard to high percentage of resistance to 3^rd generation of cephalosporins, performance of exact antibiogram test, to detect ESBL producing species in infection caused by these organisms before antibiotic therapy is necessary.