Backgrond: CML is a malignant clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem cells that causes the increase of myeloid cells, erythroid cells, and blood platelets and hyperplasia in the bone marrow.  This study is performed the effect of cytotoxicity of punicic acid of pomegranate seed oil on the cellular line of blood cancer (K652), as Chronic Myeloid Leukemia model.

Materials and methods:  In this experiential laboratory study. punicic acid of pomegranate seed oil was purchased from Clarodan Kerman Co., representative of LCG Co. in Iran.  K562 cells were cultured and were administered with densities of 8 to 100 micrograms per milliliters (in 24h, 48h, and 72h).  Cellular toxicity of punicic acid against K562 leukemic cells was estimated using the MTT, LDH and SDH method.  Absorption was measured using Elisa machine. Then the data was analyzed with the computer software SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA), t.test and ANOVA.

Results: punicic acid of pomegranate seed oil shows the most cellular toxicity effect at lc50=50 micrograms per milliliters and 72 hours after treatment.  In other words, punicic acid of pomegranate seed oil expresses effects of cellular toxicity on k562 cells, depending on the dosage.

Conclusion: Considering the toxicity of punicic acid of pomegranate seed oil, punicic acid can be considered a potential candidate for further CML studies, and other cancer cells.