Abstract Background: Conjunctivitis, one of the most prevalent eye complications, is usually self limited but may result in optical disorders .Classification is based on the cause including bacterial, viral, fungal, allergic or chemical. Considering antimicrobial resistance, determining the exact cause may lead to improved medical therapy. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic survey, 92 patients with conjunctivitis, who attended Shaheed Labbafi Nezhad medical center were enrolled. Samples were accurately collected by the physician working in the center and were transported in a sterile condition to the Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Research Center of Mofid hospital. Determination of mycobacteria, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was accomplished using standard methods. Data was analyzed using SPSS 13. Results: Samples were obtained from 49 men (61.4%) and 43 women (38.6%), (median age 36.2). 85% of patients with bacterial conjunctivitis had mucoplurant discharge as a main symptom. 45(58.5%) cultures were positive. Aerobic organisms were isolated from 40 patients (57.1%) and anaerobic ones from 5 (7.1%), of which 4 were mixed with aerobes. No mycobacterium was found. The most common aerobic organism cultured was staphylococcus epidermidis (30%) and the other aerobic ones were: Staphylococcus aureus (12.9%), E coli (7.1%), Bacillus cereus (5.7%), Moraxella catarrhalis (4.3%), Diphteroid (4.3%), Acientobacter baumanii (2.9%), Citrobacter fraundii (2.9%), Staphylococcus oricularis (1.4%), Streptococcus viridans (1.4%), Bacillus subtilis (1.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.4%), and Proteus mirabilis (1.4%). Anaerobic organisms cultured were Peptostreptococcus (4.3%) and Bacteroides fragilis (2.9%). Conclusion: Since various organisms are responsible for bacterial conjunctivitis, therapeutic strategies should be based on the results of microbiological investigations. KEYWORDS: Conjunctivitis, Mycobacterium, Aerobic bacteria, Anaerobic bacteria.

Keywords: KEYWORDS: Conjunctivitis, Mycobacterium, Aerobic bacteria, Anaerobic bacteria.

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