Abstract Background: Nosocomial infections constitute an important health problem in hospitalized patients especially in developing countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the blood stream and surgical wound nosocomial infections in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of six hospitals in Tehran and also to detect the responsible bacteria and their resistance profiles. Materials and methods: In this descriptive study, 37 blood and 30 wound samples were collected from patients with nosocomial infections admitted in ICUs of 6 different hospitals. Diagnosis of nosocomial infections was made in accordance with the CDC criteria and bacterial isolates from the samples were identified according to standard biochemical identification schema. Resistance profiles of the identified bacteria were assessed against conventional antimicrobials according to NNIS system. Results: Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. was reported as the most common organisms and showed high resistance to imipenem. All the S. aureus isolates were resistant to oxacillin and cefoxitin (methicillin-resistant S. aureus, MRSA) and 33% of the Enterococcus spp. isolates were resistance to vancomycin (VRE). Among the isolated bacteria 84.6% showed MDR phenotype. Linozolide and vancomycin were proposed as the most effective drugs among 15 tested antibiotics against these bacteria. Conclusion: Among the studied ICUs MRSA, VRE, 3rd generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and imipenem or ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii were predominantly present. For these reasons, a program to control the emergence of new resistant organisms and eradication of hyper resistant isolates seems necessary. Keywords: Acinetobacter, MDR, Nosocomial infections.

Keywords: Acinetobacter, MDR, Nosocomial infections.

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