Mrs Sepideh Raihani, Dr Jamileh Norouzi, Dr Abas Akhavan Sepahi,
Volume 40, Issue 2 (8-2016)
Abstract
Background: Bioaerosols are a suspended particles in air that contain organic compounds or microorganisms which moved by air flow or other physical factors and can transmit microorganisms, especially pathogens. The purpose of this study was to survey of resistance bacteria to desinfectants and antibiotics in the air at several subway stations.
Materials and Methods: In this study, sampling was performed in the air subway stations. After bacterial species identification, antibiotic resistance against various antimicrobial agents was performed by disk diffusion and broth dilution methods. The presence of qacA/B Gene was studied in sensitive and resistant S. aureus and E. coli strains by PCR methods.
Results: In the current study, the prevalence of gram negative strains were lower than gram positive strains, as well, the most strains were S. aureus and E. faecalis and the latest isolates were E. coli, respectively. The highest and lowest prevalence of qacA/B genes were S. aureus (23%) and E. coli (7%).
Conclusion: Due to the presence of pathogenic strains that can cause illness, it is necessary to cleaning to be done in subway stations using combinations of strong Cleaning needs to be done in subway stations using combinations of strong disinfectant. With regard to the availability and ease of use of sodium hypochlorite, is recommended that 5% sodium hypochlorite to use and the other detergent to be used periodically in order to prevention of resistant bacteria.
Mr Parnaz Abiri, Dr Abbas Akhavan Sepahi, Dr Mehdi Goudarzi,
Volume 42, Issue 3 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, as one of the most common nosocomial pathogens,
is increasing annually and is becoming a major public health concern. One of the serious threats associated
with clinical isolates of MRSA is lack of data regarding the molecular characterization of these isolates.
The aim of the present study was to identify resistance encoding genes and molecular characteristics of
methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains isolated from hospitalized patients in 2017.
Materials and Methods: During a 10-month period, 112 MRSA strains isolated from hospitalized patients
were investigated. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was assessed using the disk diffusion
and micro-broth dilution methods. Conventional PCR was performed to detect resistance encoding genes.
Different types of SCCmec were analyzed using multiplex PCR.
Results: The results of antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that 91.1% of isolates were resistant to
penicillin, 65.2% to ceftriaxon, 63.4% to erythromycin, 56.3% to kanamycin, 52.7% to Clindamycin, 50%
to amikacin, 45.5% to gentamicin, 26.8% to tobramycin, 18.8% to quinupristin/dalfopristin, and 11.6%
were resistant to trimetoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The most prevalent resistance gene belonged to ant(4΄)-
Ia (73.2%) followed by aac(6΄)-Ie/aph(2˝) (59.8%), tet(M) (57.1%), msr(A) (36.7%), aph(3΄)-IIIa (35.7%),
erm(A) (33.9%), msr(B) (24.1%), erm(B) (17%), erm(C) (15.2%), and mupA (10.7%). Our findings revealed
that the most common SCCmec type was III (53.6%) followed by types I (23.3%), IV (14.3%), and II (8.9%).
High-level mupirocin-resistant strains belonged to SCCmec types III (5.4%), IV (4.4%), and I (0.9%), while
all the low-level mupirocin resistant strains belonged to SCCmec type III (15.2%).
Conclusions: It seems that there is a genetic diversity among MRSA circulating in studied hospitals that
highlights the need to implement appropriate infection control policies in order to decrease dissemination of
multi-drug resistance MRSA types in our hospitals.
