Showing 13 results for Hypertension
Tahereh Ashraf Ganjoy, Abas Bahrampour,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (12-1999)
Abstract
The preventive medicine is the most rapid way for health establishment in the society and can be carried out through upgrading the knowledge level of the citizens including mothers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and performance of pregnant women referred to the obstetrics clinics of Kerman regarding the execution of intra-conception cares on 700 pregnant women.
The descriptive and cross-sectional strategy of this study was performed on 700 pregnant women selected through random and cluster sampling with regard to population density.
They had an average age of25.7 ± 3.8 years, a period of 19.7 ± 3.8 passed from their marriage, the knowledge level as 8.1 ± 4.8, number of pregnm1cies as 2.5± 1.8, and pregnancy period as 39 ± 1.4 weeks. In 91.4% of them, the pregnancy-induced hypertension was controlled, whereas 67% of them had received tetanus vaccine. Meanwhile, 95.5% of them affirmed complete blood test as necessary during pregnancy, but only 13 .6% had information for this fact that diabetics could not have consecutive pregnancies as normal persons. In addition, a significant difference was observed between the level of knowledge and performance. Furthermore, a significant difference was observed between the knowledge and age, occupation, number of conceptions, performance, and the age at the time of marriage.
Considering results, it can be concluded that knowledge and performance is not sufficient during the pregnancy and it is necessary for health professionals to train more skills in this respect.
Fereydon Azizi, Lida Navaie,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (3-2000)
Abstract
Regarding the importance of cardiovascular disease in society health and with respect to known high risk of hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, and hypertension in these patients, and also regarding the lack of epidemiological studies in this field, specially in rural area, this study has been conducted on 2705 candidates over 30 years old [1296 males (48%) and 1409 females (52%)] by multiple-phase randomized sampling, in 100 villages. Serum level of cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, and sugar were obtained on fasting blood samples. For diagnosis of diabetes and IGT, glucose tolerance test with 75 gr glucose was performed. Then blood pressure, body weight and height, and body mass index (BMI) have been measured. Waist/buttock ratio was considered as a factor for evaluating abdominal obesity. The mean BMI was 28.6 mg/dl). No significant variation has observed in LDL-C level. In the meantime, no significant differences have been noted in these factors in patients with incomplete remission, before and after the therapy. Regarding the fact that HDL-C, unlike TG and VLDL-C, is less influenced by diet and other factors such as stress; serial determination of HDL-C level is highly recommended in patients with ALL , in this way a powerful tool for evaluating the disease procedure along with chemotherapy efficacy would be achieved.
Moderate to severe obesity has been recorded in 34.7%, 37.1% and 22.3% of patients with diabetes, IGT, and normal individuals, respectively. The mean of waist/buttock ratio was higher in diabetic patients (p<0.001). Abnormal waist/buttock ratio makes individuals more susceptible to diabetes (2.9 times). One fifth of patients with diabetes have diastolic blood pressure more than 89 mmHg and half of them have systolic blood pressure of 139 mmHg and above, whereas these figures were 1/10 and 1/5 for normal individuals, respectively. The mean of TG was 322 ±282, 206± 178, and 178±124 mg/dl in patients with diabetes, IGT, and normal individuals, respectively. These differences were statistically significant (p<0.001). In diabetic patients, the prevalence of triglyceridemia was 2.1 times more than normal individuals and 1.6 times more than patients with IGT. Cholesterol level of 239 mg/dl and higher was recorded in 12.6% of normal individuals. Hypercholesterolemia makes patients more susceptible to diabetes (3.9 times). The mean of LDLcholesterol was recorded 145 ± 43.6, 134 ± 38.9, and 121 ± 36.1 mg/dl in patients with diabetes, IGT, and normal individuals, respectively (p<0.001). HDL-cholesterol below 35mg/dl was seen in 45.9% of diabetic patients. LDL/HDL ratio above 5 has been recorded in 17.8%, 19.3%, and 9% of patients with diabetes, IGT, and normal individuals, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes in patients with cholesterol/HDL ratio above 4.5 was 2.4 times more than patients with cholesterol/HDL ratio of 4.5 and below. Results have implied that obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension are common findings in diabetic patients. Regarding its potential hazard, intervention in life style is strongly recommended.
Mirmiran P, Azadbakht L, Azizi F , , ,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (9-2003)
Abstract
Background : Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major health problems in our country. The aim of this study is to determine the predictors of CVD risk factors in adolescents residing in distinct- 13 of Tehran .
Materials and methods : Dietary intake assessment was undertaken with 2-day 24-hour recall in 420 adolescents, 11-18 years old, from a total of 15005 subjects participating in Tehran Lipid and Glucose study. After excluding the under- and over- reporters 290 adolescents remained in the study. Data related to cigarette smoking was collected. Height and weight was assessed and BMI was calculated. Blood pressure was measured two times separately in sitting position. Serum cholesterol, Triglyceride, and HDL were measured in a blood sample after a 12-hour fast. To determine the predictors of CVD risk factors stepwise linear regression was used.
Results : Results showed a strong positive correlation between BMI and systolic blood pressure in girls (p<0.001, b = 1.8) and boys ( b =0.04, p<0.001), as well as diastolic blood pressure in girls ( b =0.8, p<0.001) and boys ( b 0.05, p<0.01). There was an inverse association between calcium intake and systolic ( b =0.16, p<0.05) and diastolic blood pressure in boys ( b =0.36, p<0.01), as well as an inverse association between calcium intake and systolic ( b =-1.2, p<0.05) and diastolic blood pressure ( b = 0.05, p<0.05) and serum triglyceride ( b =-0.1, p<0.01) in girls. Positive correlations were found between BMI and cholesterol in girls ( b =0.2, p<0.01) and boys ( b =0.31, p<0.01).
Conclusion : Low dietary calcium intake, high blood cholesterol, and above average BMI is associated with elevated levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adolescent boys and girls in Tehran , thus predicting a higher risk for CVD.
N Khadem, L Hafizi,
Volume 31, Issue 1 (4-2007)
Abstract
Background: Proteinuria is an important diagnostic sign of pre-eclampsia and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). The purpose of this study was to compare the results of random urinalysis for proteinuria with standard 24-hour urinary protein.
Materials and method: In this survey proteinuria in random urine was compared with standard 24- hours urinary protein excretion in 82 women with HDP, hospitalized in EmamReza Hospital, Mashad, between 1380 and 1381.
Results: Findings showed random urinalysis values of ≥1+ proteinuria had a positive predictive value of 85% for predicting >300 mg per 24 hour, (defined as proteinuria). In contrast, values of negative protein and trace should not be used to rule out significant proteinuria because its negative predictive value was only 28% in hypertensive patients. Moreover, values of 3+ to 4+ proteinuria could not be used to diagnose severe preeclampsia because their positive predictive value was only 26%.
Conclusion: Random urinalysis may fail to demonstrate significant proteinuria in HDP and this study suggests that 24-hour urine excretion should be measured for patients selected for termination of pregnancy.
Sohrabi Mr1, Heidarnia Ma, Mehrabi I, Abolhasani F,
Volume 31, Issue 3 (10-2007)
Abstract
Background: This study has been designed to evaluate the efficiency and coverage of the National Hypertension Prevention and Control program in predefined referral levels in Damavand district in Tehran.
Materials and methods: In this household survey 14 out of 27 health centers in Damavand were selected randomly and questionnaires completed for 400 persons aged 30 years or older who were selected systematically, in proportion to the size of the targeted population of each village.
Results: Coverage rate of screening program was 11.5% for men, 14.1% for women and 13% on the whole. Response rate to screening was 94 %. Coverage of second, third and fourth referral levels was zero. Coverage of screening program was too low for modeling service utilization.
Conclusion: The service has not been presented to the target population correctly and they were not aware of the service delivery. Program standards were not achieved completely. For program success, strict control is needed on the procedures of program implementation.
Moayyedi Sn, Mehbod Asa, Fanei A, Mohajerani Hr,
Volume 32, Issue 1 (6-2008)
Abstract
Background: The presence of lead in the industrial fumes, sewage, and also in industrial paints, ceramic, and printing materials, make this element as one of the most common environmental contaminant. Lead can enter the body through respiratory and digestive tracts as well as through the skin and with progressive accumulation can have a destructive effect on several organs in the human body. Blood lead level is used as an index of lead contamination. Since Arak is an industrial city there is a danger of lead poisoning in its residents.
Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional research, 1140 individuals >10 years old were selected randomly from 20 population clones by the use of family codes. After face-to-face interview and a complete physical examination, blood samples were taken for laboratory tests: CBC, BUN, uric acid, creatine, and blood lead level. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS and Excel software and the association between blood lead levels and clinical symptoms was evaluated by logistic regression and one way ANOVA. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: From 1140 investigated residents, 463 individuals, (40.5%), had blood lead levels more than 10 micgr/dl, (range 10-66 μg/dl, mean 13.42 μg /dl). There was no significant difference between males and females, (P>0.05). The difference between age groups was significant, school-age children had the highest and housewives the lowest blood lead levels. We found a significant association between high blood lead levels, anemia and hypertension, (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Lead contamination is present in all age groups in the residents of Arak city. Young people are the most susceptible group for lead poisoning. High blood lead levels count as risk factors for hypertension and anemia. We recommend that the sources of lead contamination must be eliminated from the environment in all industrial cities like Arak.
Saghaei M, Hosseinpanah Ar, Yaraghi A,
Volume 32, Issue 3 (9-2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Intra-abdominal pressure, (IAP), is the pressure inside the abdominal cavity. Its normal value has not been defined clearly, but it may range from sub-atmospheric to about 7 mmHg. Intra-abdominal hypertension, defined as IAP greater than 12 mmHg, has been reported in critically ill patients and is associated with cardio-respiratory and renal co-morbidities. The effect of borderline values of IAP on the peri-operative morbidities has not been investigated in previous studies. This study was designed to investigate the effect of high normal values of IAP on anesthesia-related peri-operative complications.
Materials and Methods: Intra-abdominal pressure was measured before induction of general anesthesia in 60 adult non-obese patients scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery. Patients were observed throughout the operative and recovery period for any evidence of anesthesia-related complications viz. oxygen desaturation, hypertension, dysrhythmia etc. Patients were categorized into two group, those with >2 episodes of complications, and those with ≤2 episodes.
Results: Thirty-three patients experienced >2 episodes of complications. The mean IAP was 8.21±2.1 mmHg in this group and was significantly different from the group with fewer complications in whom the mean IAP was 4.2±1.51 mmHg, (p<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that IAP was an independent predictor for development of anesthesia-related complications with an Odds ratio of 1.4 (1.17-1.81, p=0.015).
Conclusion: The result of this study shows that high normal values of IAP are an independent predictor for the development of peri-operative anesthesia-related complications.
M Simbar, M Karimian, M Afrakhteh, E Kouchaki, Ar Akbar Zadeh,
Volume 32, Issue 4 (12-2008)
Abstract
Abstract:
Background and Aim: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), is a highly prevalent disorder. This study was done to define the relationship between pregnancy induced hypertension and migraine in women attending Kashan hospitals, Iran, in 2007.
Materials and methods: This was a case-control study. The subjects were recruited using a consecutive sampling method, based on documented practitioner diagnosis of PIH. Subjects were assigned to two groups of case and control. Ninety women were allocated to each group. Data collection was done through a questionnaire that included demographic details, medical and obstetrics history, and details of migraine attacks. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were assessed using content validity and test-retest methods. The two groups were matched to eliminate confounding factors. SPSS software was used for data analysis.
Results: 180 women in two groups of 90 cases and 90 controls, with average age of 27.3±5.9 and 27.66±5.2 respectively, participated in the study. Majority were housewives with primary to middle school education, with a BMI >26, and no history of hypertension in their family or in previous pregnancies. Ten percent of subjects were affected by migraine and there were no cases of migraine with aura. Results demonstrated that history of migraine was positive in 14.4% of the case group and 5.6% of controls (Odds Ratio= 2.87).
Conclusion: History of migraine could be considered as a risk factor for Pregnancy Induced Hypertension.
Keywords: Preeclampsia Migraine Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Mrs Samaneh Akbarpour, Mr Mojtaba Lotfalian, Mr Amirhossein Mozafary, Ms Reyhaneh Rajab Boloukat, Mr Fereidoun Azizi, Mrs Karimian Seyedeh Maryam, Mr Farzad Hadaegh,
Volume 39, Issue 2 (8-2015)
Abstract
Background: we investigated the association of different hypertension subgroups including isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH), controlled blood pressure (CBP), and uncontrolled blood pressure (UBP) for incident CVD and mortality events.
Methods: 6974 middle age and 882 elderly participants were categorized according to their BP measurements, participants. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for hypertension subgroups, considering those with normotension as the reference.
Results: During more than 10 years of follow-up, in the middle-aged group, 490 CVD and 152 deaths occurred; corresponding rates for the elderly group were 194 and 176, respectively. In middle-aged subjects ISH, SDH and UBP increased the risk of CVD; whereas UBP increased the risk of mortality due to CVD and any cause (HR: 5.66 and HR: 2.95, respectively) and IDH increased only the risk of total mortality in this group (HR; 2.01) (all p-values <0.05). In elderly subjects ISH and UBP significantly increased the risks of CVD; whereas IDH, SDH 3.27 and and CBP increased the risks of CVD and all-cause mortality in this group, respectively (all p-value <0.05).
Conclusions: In both middle-aged and elderly population, ISH, SDH and UBP increase the risk of CVD. Controlling of BP to < 140/90 mm Hg decreases the risk of mortality events among middle-age population; however, not suitable for elderly as it was associated with higher risk of mortality.
Mrs Fatemeh Lazavi, Dr Parvin Mirmiran, Dr Golbon Sohrab, Dr Narges Eshkevari, Dr Mehdi Hedayati, Mrs Samaneh samaneh Akbarpour,
Volume 39, Issue 4 (2-2016)
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes causes hypertension in most diabetic patients. Hypertension accelerates cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Barberry juice is known to have polyphenol and antioxidant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of barberry juice consumption on blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial study, 42 diabetic patients (55.4±7.6) were randomly allocated to either barberry juice consumption (n=21) or the control group (n=21). Patients in the barberry juice group consumed 200 ml of barberry juice daily for eight weeks; no treatment was done on the control group. The questionnaires for general characteristics, and three–day 24h food recall were completed by interview. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were conducted at baseline and at the end of the study.
Result: Two groups were equal in sex and age at baseline. The mean body mass index, nutrients and drug intake and physical activity of patients did not change during the study. In the barberry juice consumption group, the mean systolic blood pressure (p<0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.03) were significantly decreased compared with baseline. The mean systolic blood pressure (p<0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.003) were significantly different between the barberry and control groups after intervention.
Conclusion: Considering this study barberry juice may improve hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes..
Mr Mostafa Sharifian, Mr Jamshid Jabbarpour,
Volume 39, Issue 4 (2-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The end result of chronic kidney disease, irrespective of the type of kidney disease including progression to kidney failure and its complications as cardiopulmonary disease. The evidence show that recognition and treatment of this disease is often preventive and delay some complications of the disease and prevent the incidence of end stage renal failure. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of complications of chronic kidney disease in children in Mofid hospital between 1392-1393.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 104 children between 2 months to 17 years old who were admitted in nephrology ward of Mofid hospital. They were evaluated by history taking, physical examination, blood and urine analysis, ultrasound, nuclear scan, and in some cases kidney biopsy according to the glomerular filtration and KDOQI instruction. Patients were divided into 5 groups: results were expressed using descriptive statistics with p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Of the 104 cases, 56 patients (45%) were male and 48 (46%) were female. The age range was 4.9 ± 6.86. 37.5% of patients had high systolic or diastolic blood pressure, anemia was seen in 74%, 70% had bone disease and 63% had failure to thrive. The most common etiology of chronic kidney disease was neurogenic bladder and reflux nephropathy in 27.8% and 16.34%, respectively. 40% of patients were at stage 4 and 5, 17% at stage 3, 24% at stage 2, and 20% were in stage 1. 31.7% of patients had a glomerular filtration less than 15 at the time of diagnosis and 11.53% of patients treated with renal replacement therapy (RRT). During the study, 4.8% of patients were treated with a kidney transplant.
Conclusion: It seems that complications of urinary system is high in neurogenic bladder, and the most common complications are urinary tract infections, urinary reflux disease, and end stage renal disease. Troublesome complications, anemia, bone disease, growth failure and hypertension are significantly increased and endanger the lives of children. Therefore, it increases the mortality and morbidity.
Mahsa Adibian, Homa Hodaie, Mehdi Hedayati, Golbon Sohrab,
Volume 41, Issue 2 (7-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cardiovascular disease is common in patients with diabetes. Hyperlipidemia and hypertension are major risk factors for development of cardiovascular disease. Curcumin (pigment in turmeric) has antioxidant and anti-atherosclerotic properties. This study was designed to indicate the effects of curcumin supplementation on risk factors of Cardio vascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 44 patients aging 40-70 with type 2 diabetes randomly assigned to curcumin)n=21) or placebo group(n=23(. Patients consumed either 1500 mg curcumin or placebo daily for 10 weeks. A sample of 10 ml blood was collected from each patient after 12- to 14-hour fasting at baseline and the end of the study. Serum concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C were determined. A questionnaire of general characteristics and a 2-day dietary recall (At the start, middle and end of the study) were completed by face to face interview. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software.
Results: nutrients and fiber intake, drug intake and physical activity of patients did not change during study. At the end of the study the mean serum concentration of triglyceride decreased in curcumin group compared to baseline (-14.21±30.63). The mean serum concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and blood pressure had no significant changes at the end.
Conclusion: It seems, daily consumption of 1500 mg curcumin over 10 weeks can reduce serum concentration of triglyceride in the curcumin group compared to the baseline. However, this difference is not significant in placebo group.
Ms Asal Honarpour, Dr Ahmad Majd, Dr Reza Mirfakhraie, Mr Seyed Hamid Jamaldini, Ms Maryam Rahimi, Dr Sina Salimi Nasab,
Volume 48, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Preeclampsia is a significant condition during pregnancy, and if left untreated, it increases the risk of maternal and fetal mortality. Abnormal placentation is widely recognized as the primary cause of this disorder. Increased expression of Activin A, which plays a crucial role in placental and fetal development, has been confirmed in patients with preeclampsia. However, the mechanism of action of the Activin A receptor (ACVR2A) remains unclear. Therefore, this study examined the expression of the ACVR2A gene in the placentas of women with preeclampsia compared to those of healthy pregnant women.
Methods: In this case- control study, the expression of the ACVR2A gene in 40 placental samples, including 20 from women with preeclampsia and 20 from healthy pregnant women, was analyzed using quantitative Real- Time PCR (qPCR). The expression changes between the two groups were assessed with REST software, and the expression variation charts were plotted using T-test and Mann- Whitney statistical tests in GraphPad Prism software.
Results: increased expression of the ACVR2A gene was observed in the placentas of women with preeclampsia compared to normal placentas . The placenta in the preeclampsia group showed a 5.5-fold increase in gene expression compared to the control group.
Conclusion: It appears that the upregulation of ACVR2A gene expression plays a role in the development of preeclampsia.
