Showing 6 results for Urinary Tract Infection
, Sharifian M, Rajabnejad M ,
Volume 29, Issue 4 (12-2005)
Abstract
Background : Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common health problem among children that may lead to irreversible renal injuries. The aim of the present study was to determine the association between the delay in treatment of urinary tract infection and risk of renal damage Materials and methods : For this retrospective study 100 children aged 1 month to 14 years who were admitted with urinary tract infection in Mofid Children`s Hospital from March 2000 to September 2004 were included. The lag time between the onset of disease and treatment, DMSA scan results prior to treatment and 6 months later, urine analysis, and patient's clinical manifestations were all recorded. UTI was diagnosed based on clinical manifestations, culture, and pylonephritis detected in DMSA scan.
Results : The study population included 77 girls and 23 boys with the mean age of 3 years and 3 months (range 1 month to 14 years). The mean lag time between disease onset and treatment was 4.6 days. Kidney damages were reported to be least among those with mean lag time of 2.6 days and worst among those with the mean lag time of 6.6 days.
Conclusion : Irreversible renal scars were shown in one third of patients who had a mean lag time of 6 days. Efforts to reduce the incidence and severity of renal scarring should be directed towards rapid diagnosis and effective early management of urinary tract infections in infancy and childhood.
Sharifian M1, Hatamian B, Anvaripour N, Karimi A, Fahimzad Ar, Mohkam M, Dalirani R,
Volume 32, Issue 3 (9-2008)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common cause of morbidity and mortality especially in young children around the world. Pyelonephritis can lead to scar formation, and subsequent hypertension and renal failure. Interleukins play a major role in renal scar formation following febrile pyelonephritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of urinary interleukin-6 (UIL-6) and UIL-8 concentrations during the acute phase of pyelonephritis and after two kinds of treatment.
Materials and methods: UIL-6 and UIL-8 concentrations were determined by enzyme immunoassay in 34 children with acute pyelonephritis who were treated with Ceftriaxone plus steroids (case group) and in 20 patients treated with antibiotic alone (control group). Cases and controls were age and sex matched. Urine samples were obtained at the time of presentation prior to drug administration and at follow-up 72 hours after initiation of medication. Creatinine concentrations were also determined, and cytokine/creatinine ratios were calculated.
Results: The differences between the cytokine/creatinine ratios in the initial urine samples and the follow-up samples were significant in the case group (p<0.001), but not for the controls. In addition, combined antibiotic and steroids significantly decreased UIL-6 and UIL-8 concentrations compared with antibiotic alone (p<0.05).
Conclusion: We conclude that steroids combined with antibiothics significantly decrease UIL-6 and UIL-8 levels in patients with acute pyelonephritis. This result can suggest that the clinical use of corticosteroids may prevent scar formation following pyelonephritis.
Gita Eslami, Sima Sadat Seyedjavadi, Hossein Goudarzi, Fatemeh Fallah, Mehdi Goudarzi,
Volume 34, Issue 1 (3-2010)
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to identify multidrug resistant isolates of Escherichia coli and K. pneumoniae causing urinary tract infections (UTI) in children and the occurrence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in the antibiotic resistant isolates..
Methods: A total of 200 urine samples were processed. Urine culture was done using conventional microbiological techniques. Biochemical testing was used to identify the organisms. Susceptibility of 200 isolates to 13 antibiotics was determined and the frequency of multi-drug resistance and their association with intergron was assessed by PCR –RFLP.
Results: 171 isolates out of 200 were multi-drug resistant. Existence of intergrons was confirmed in 20.5% of these isolates. Association of multi-drug resistance to Gentamicin, Norfloxacin, Cephalotin and Nalidixic Acid with the presence of integrons was statistically significant, (p <0.002, <0.001, <0.005, and <0.004, respectively). Imipenem and Amikacin were the most effective antibiotics against resistant isolates.
Conclusion: Multi-drug resistance suggests that strategy for treatment of patients with Escherichia coli and K. pneumonia infections needs to be revised. The possibility of transmission of resistance genes by integrons would be decreased by treatment of patients with the appropriate antibiotics.
Keywords: Escherichia coli, Kelebsiella, Urinary tract infections, PCR –RFLP.
Sara Ahmadi Badi, Ph.d Jamile Norouzi, Ph.d Abbas Akavan Sepahi,
Volume 38, Issue 3 (11-2014)
Abstract
Introduction: Bacteria communicate with each other by using molecular chemical signal, which are called autoinducer. By the increase of concentration of these signals, which is the result of increase cellular density, they coordinate gene expression in a microbial community. This process is called Quorum sensing. Considering the importance of urine tract infections prominent role of Quorum sensing and external signals in regulation of bacteria gene expression. In the present paper these concepts were studied: luxS, and rsbA genes’ band in Proteus mirabilis isolated from urinary tract infections and the effect of miristic acid as an external signal in regulation of gene expression.
Materials & Methods: In this study, 100 urine samples were collected. 10 Proteus mirabilis were isolated from these samples by standard bacteriologic methods. Subsequently, by the extraction of genome, the presence of luxS & rsbA gene bands were studied in 10 P. mirabilis. At the end, the effect of miristic acid on the swarming and the biofilm formation ability of the P. mirabilis is assessed.
Result: In 100 urine sample studied, 10 Proteus mirabilis (10%) were isolated. 70% studied P. mirabilis, contained luxS & rsbA gene bands. Miristic acid decreased the swarming of P. mirabilis in the concentration of 40 to 80 µl/100 ml of LB culture and the ability of P. mirabilis in the biofilm formation in all concentrations added to LB culture increased.
Discussion & Conclusion: The results obtained from the presence study indicate the presence of luxS and rsbA gene bands in most of P. mirabilis isolated from urinary tract infections, which demonstrate the presence of Quorum sensing regulatory systems in these bacteria. Also, the effect of miristic acid on the swarming and the biofilm formation ability of P. mirabilis containing rsbA gene, shows that respondent regulatory systems to external signals presents in the bacterium. Therefore, by understanding these regulatory & communicatory systems, we can hope to infections control & new drug development.
Khadigeh Fattahi, Arman Rostamzad,
Volume 39, Issue 1 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background: The ESBL enzymes producing, is the most important resistance factor against ß-lactam antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria family. The aim of this study was the evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of proteus species isolated from UTI in Ilam, and detection of blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes in these species.
Materials and Methods: Out of 200 urine samples, those were culture positive, were collected from medical centers in Ilam city. All samples were determined using routine biochemical and microbiological diagnosis tests. Proteus isolates were selected for determining of antibiogram profiles, MIC and also persistent (frequency) of blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes by PCR method.
Results: Total of 200 urine samples, 120 samples (60%) were collected from women and 80 samples (40%) were collected from men. Among samples tested 25 samples (12.5%) were found to be proteus species. The highest rate of contamination was related to age ranges of 21-30 years old (40%). proteus species was subjected for determining of MIC and antibiogram profile and then using phonotyping method 12 isolates (48%) were found to be ESBL producing, those 12 species (48%) were resistant to Ceftazidime, 10 species (40%) were resistant to Cefotaxime and 8 species (32%) were resistant to Ciprofloxacin. Using double disc synergy test (DDST), totally 10 species (40%) were found as ESBL, and molecular detection of species using PCR showed that 10 species (40%) have had blaTEM gene and 8 species (32%) were containing of blaCTX-M gene.
Conclusion: In regard to high percentage of resistance to 3rd generation of cephalosporins, performance of exact antibiogram test, to detect ESBL producing species in infection caused by these organisms before antibiotic therapy is necessary.
Rahem Khoshbakht, Zahra Panahi, Faezeh Alizadeh,
Volume 45, Issue 4 (12-2021)
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections in the world and Europathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the main causes of this infection. The presence of fimbrial genes causes the bacteria to attach to the cells of the urinary tract. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of 3 fimbrial genes papEF, sfaD, and fimH in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections.
Materials and methods: In the current cross-sectional study, 235 urine samples were randomly collected from patients referred to different laboratories in Amol between 2018-2019. First, each sample was cultured separately on EMB agar and then analyzed using biochemical tests, such as IMViC, TSI, and urease. In positive samples for the presence of Escherichia coli, antibiogram test was performed to evaluate the sensitivity to the imipenem. After DNA extraction from imipenem resistant samples via boiling method, the presence of papEF, sfaD, and fimH genes was examined using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The results of the study were analyzed in SPSS, version 22. Statistical analyses were performed running Man-Whitney and Chi-square tests with a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: From among the 235 urine samples, 75 (31/9%) contained Escherichia coli bacteria. Also, 47 samples (62/7%) were detected from imipenem-resistant Escherichia coli isolates. After PCR reaction, it was found that 28 isolates (59/6%) were positive for fimH gene, 8 isolates (17%) were positive for papEF gene, and 19 isolates (40/42%) were positive for sfaD gene. The results showed that, among the studied strains, fimH gene was the most common gene encoding fimbriae in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infection in Amol city. However, this finding was not statistically significant (P <0.05). Also, in the statistical study of the results of antibiotic resistance and the presence of fimbrial virulence genes, no significant relationship was observed between the variables (P <0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that fimH gene is the most common gene encoding fimbrial in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections in Amol city and is an important factor in the pathogenicity of this bacteria. Most cases of urinary tract infections are associated with Escherichia coli bacteria that contain these genes, so its early detection in patients with urinary tract infections can help treat patients in a faster and better way.
