Research in Medicine

Background and Aims: Inactivity and aging are known to increase plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels associated with accumulation of oxidative damage. Moreover, it has been shown that the capacity to produce heat shock proteins (HSPs) decreases with aging. In contrast, regular physical activity is an important determinant in maintaining an optimal state of health, reducing oxidative stress, and preventing chronic diseases in elderly population. Hence, the present study was conducted to investigate and compare the effect of three aerobic, resistance, and concurrent training methods on the MDA and HSP70 in sedentery older Women.
Materials and Methods: In a randomized controlled clinical trial with pre-test and post-test design,48 sedentay older women were randomly assigned into four groups of control (n=12), aerobic (n=12), resistance (n=12), and concurrent exercise training (n=12). Participants in the training groups were assigned to to exercise training for eight weeks, while participants in the control group were advised to maintain their normal lifestyle during the study. Prior to and after the training,blood samples were evaluated. Data were analyzed running Covariance of analysis (ANCOVA) and bonferroni post hoc tests.
Results: The results showed that after eight weeks of exercise training, the MDA level decreased significantly in all three training groups as compared with that of the control group (p=0.001).Moreover, all three exercise training methods significantly increased the HSP70 consentrainon in elderly women (p=0.000), and the difference of these indices between the training groups was not found to be significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, it seems that the results of our study showed that exercise training (in different types) for eight weeks improved age-related deficits in HSP70 and it is an effective therapeutic method to modulate oxidative stress in sedentary older women.

Background and Aim: Oxidative lipid damage is a reaction that requires the attack of free bases on unsaturated fatty acids with multiple bonds. Garlic with antioxidant effects can reduce the index of cell membrane damage while counteracting the adverse effects of oxidative stress caused by diseases. The aim of the present study was to answer the lipid peroxidation index to long-term consumption of garlic following strenuous exercise.
Methods: An experimental study was conducted on inactive male students of Ahar Azad University with an age range of 23-23 years. Totally, 26 people were selected based on research background and randomly divided into three groups of placebo and garlic supplement in two doses of 500 and 1000 Mg distributed on a daily basis. The first and second blood samples were obntained at baseline after strenuous exercise and the third and fourth samples were taken after 8 weeks of supplementation and under the same conditions to measure lipid peroxidation index. For data analysis, repeated measures analysis of variance and one-way Tukey post hoc test were used at the significant level of p <0.05.
Results: The findings showed that a session of helpless exercise increases a significant increase in lipid damage (p <0.05). In addition, long-term supplementation of garlic pills with doses of 500 and 1000 mg per day reduces basal lipid damage after strenuous exercise. Also, taking 1000 mg of garlic tablets has a greater effect compared with the 500-mg dose (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Therefore, it can cautiously be suggested that long-term garlic supplementation, especially the 1000-mg dose, be used to prevent oxidative stress from strenuous exercise.