Fereydon Azizi , Farid Raiszadeh, Payam Salehi, Maziar Rahmani, Habib Emami, Arash Ghanbarian , Rambod Hajipoor,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (9-2000)
Abstract
Decreased serum HDL is one one of the most lonmon lipiu disoides in paterts with colonary disease and the existing enidenie svggests that every lmg/dl decreaie in servn HDL inveases CAD risk by 2-3 % . This study was performed in 2000 to study HDL deterninants in tehran popolation. westudied 9514 individvais, 20-69 yers old who have participated in tehran lipid and gwcose study (tl62), inclvding 3942 men and 5571 woman. in all subjects a personal history questionnaire especially on physical activity and cigarette smoking, was filled out and clinical examination inclvding anthroponetic
measurements were performed. Serum levels of total cholesterol, trig;ucerides, and HDL were ,easured. Women had a significantly hoher mear HDL than in men (45± 11 vs 38±9 mg/dl; P<0.001); low HDL level (HDL < 35 mg/dl) was observed in 31 % of men and 13 % of women (P < 0. 00 I). Obese subjects (BMI 30 Kg/m2) had a significantly lower HDL level than normal subjects(42± 11 vs 44± 1 I: P < 0.0001). Subjects with truncal obesity (WHR0.95 in ,en and WHR 0.8 in women) had lower HDL level than normal subjects (37 ±9 vs 39± 10 in mean and 44± 11 vs 48± 11 in women P < 0.001 in both). Smokers had a significantly lower HDL level than nonsmokers (38± 10 vs 43±11; P<0.001) and low HDL level was two ties more common in smokers than in nonsmokers (36.4 vs two times more common in smokers than in nonsmokers (36.4 vs 18.2 pecent). Passive smokers had also lower wean HDL levels ( 42 ± 11 vs 43 ± 11; P<0.001). Mean HDL level was not different in subjects with different degrees of physical acfiuity. In multiple stepwise logistic regression, deferminarts of serum HDL level, in order of entering the model, were: Sex (OR 3.03, P<0.001), high WHR (OR 1.56; P<0.001), Cigarethe smoking (OR 1.63; P<0.0001), age (OR 0.99; P<0.001), obesity (OR I. 21; P < 0. 005), and possive smoking (OR 1.17; P < 0. 04). Physical activity did not enter the predictive model apart from age and sex which are constitutional, nonmodifiable variables, other modifiable determinarts of HDL level (obesity, truncal obesity, cigareth smoking, and passive smoking) can be used in community prevention programs in control of CAD.
, , , Zardooz H1, Zahedi Asl S2, Gharib Naseri Mk1, Hedayati M2 ,
Volume 29, Issue 4 (12-2005)
Abstract
Background : Several studies have shown that stress has major effects on carbohydrate metabolism. There are some evidences suggesting that stress may induce type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The effects of psychological stress however need to be investigated. The present study has investigated the role of chronic psychological stress on carbohydrate metabolism in male rats.
Materials and methods : Animals were assigned in two groups of control and stressed (n=8/group). The animals of the stressed group were exposed to different restraint stressors (1 hour twice daily) for 15 and 30 days. At the beginning and end of the experimental periods fasting blood samples were obtained by tail snipping and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out. Glucose was measured by glucose oxidase method. Insulin and corticosterone were assayed by their respective RIA kits.
Results : Fasting plasma glucose level on the 15th day of the experiment showed significant increase in the stressed rats compared to the controls. The plasma levels of glucose at 15 and 60 min after performing OGTT were significantly increased on the 15th and 30th days of the experiment in the stressed group. Fasting plasma insulin showed significant decrease on the 15th and 30th days of the experiment in the stressed group compared to the controls. On the 15th day of the experiment, at 15 and 60 min after performing OGTT the plasma level of insulin showed significant decrease in the stressed group as compared to the control group. Fasting plasma corticosterone concentration was significantly increased on the 15th day of the experiment in the stressed rats compared with the control rats and the 1st day of the experiment. In the stressed group immediately after stress exposure plasma corticosterone was significantly higher than before stress exposure, only on the 1st day of the experiment.
Conclusion : Results have revealed that chronic psychological stress can impair glucose metabolism and this effect may be mediated by changes in insulin and corticosterone secretion. However the role of other stress hormones has to be investigated.
K Shahebrahimi, P , Mirmiran, As , Habibi Moieni, J, Ghanbili, A Momenan, A , Momenan, F Azizi,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (12-2006)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of the study was to assess changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, non HDL-C and triglyceride levels over a 3-year period in subjects enrolled in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
Materials and methods: A total of 1839 males and 2553 females, aged 3 years and over, were included in this study. Baseline demographic characteristics and lipid levels were determined GTT was performed at baseline and after 3 years in subjects ≥20 years age.
Results: In both sexes, BMI and WHR,(waist-hip ratio), increased significantly from baseline. Mean BMI at baseline was 24.7±5.8, which in phase 2, rose to 26.0±5.6 kg/m2 (p=0.001). In phase one, 32 and 18.6% of all subjects and in phase two, 34 and 23.4% respectively were overweight and obese (p=0.05). Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance, (IGT), and Diabetes mellitus increased in phase 2 of the study. 13% of all subjects in phase 1 had IGT and 11.4% had diabetes these statistics increased to 14.2 and 12.3% respectively in phase 2. In phase 2, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, non HDL-C and triglycerides decreased significantly from baseline levels. In phases one and two, 5.1% and 7.6% of subjects respectively were unaware of their diabetes.
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as overweight, obesity, low HDL-C, IGT and diabetes in the urban population of Tehran. It was seen that although mean total cholesterol, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, TG, SBP and DBP decreased significantly after 3 years, IGT, DM, overweight, obesity and Low HDL-C increased from baseline values.
Arefeh Fallah-Ghohroudi, Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi, Parvin ,mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi,
Volume 38, Issue 2 (8-2014)
Abstract
Abstract Background: Diet as one of the most important lifestyle factors play an important role in the control and treatment of diabetes and related outcomes. Among dietary factors legumes as a functional food are rich source of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, fiber, polyphenols and other antioxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of legume intake in therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) diet on inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and methods: In this randomized crossover trial, 24 subjects with type 2 diabetes in the age range of 50 to 80 years were selected. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups receiving TLC (control) or the TLC diet with legumes (replacing meat with 2 servings of legumes in their TLC diet, three days a week). Period of each diet was 8 weeks with a 4 week wash out period. At the beginning and end of two dietary periods, fasting blood samples were taken to measure the fasting plasma glucose and inflammatory markers C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6, CRP, TNF-α). Results: In both diets after 8 weeks intervention fasting plasma glucose, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 significantly decreased compare with baseline values (p<0.05). Compare with TLC diet, TLC diet with legume significantly decreased CRP and TNF-α (p<0.05). Conclusion: Replacement of 2 servings of legumes instead of meat 3 days a week in the TLC diet resulted in improved inflammatory markers CRP and TNF-α. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Legumes, Fasting blood glucose, Inflammatory markers, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, Therapeutic lifestyle change diet.
Niloofar Rastegar Moghadam Ghaemi, Maryam Tehranipour, Khadijeh Shahrokhabadi,
Volume 45, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is due to a lack of insulin secretion caused by the destruction of beta-pancreatic cells. The genus Perovskia-L belongs to the Persian mint family, with pharmacological effects, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, treatment of infection, and so on. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of extract of Bromelaceae on blood glucose and biochemical factors in male diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods: In the experimental study, 60 male Wistar rats weighing 250-200 g were randomly divided into 10 groups of 6 rats each: control, healthy receiving glibenclamide, healthy treated with 300 ,150 and 600 mg / kg. Body extracts of diabetic rats, diabetic control (hyperglycemia), positive control (hyperglycemia treated with glibenclamide), hyperglycemia treated with 300 ,150, and 600 mg / kg body weight of extract were divided into two groups. After 14 days of gavage, blood samples were taken from the animals and biochemical factors, such as glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol, were measured.
Results: The results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Bromzebal reduced the mean glucose in the diabetic group from 11 ± 234 to 5± 140 in the treated diabetic groups, the mean cholesterol reduced from 2 ±114 to 5 ±80, and the mean triglyceride from 3 ± 114 to 14 ± 70. Also, LDL reduced from 2± 82 to 5±44. Moreover, hydroalcoholic extract of Bromzebal significantly inhibited increased glucose levels (p<0.001), triglycerides (p<0.001), and cholesterol (p<0.001), and a significant decrease was observed in LDL levels in treated diabetic mice as compared with untreated diabetic animals.
Conclusion: It seems that hydroalcoholic extract of Precambrian has a controlling effect on blood sugar and modulates blood biochemical factors in diabetic animals and is likely to be effective in
the treatment of diabetes.
