Research in Medicine

Background and Objective: The evolution of species in the brain, neurons in some brain areas process has been confirmed. This process is known as Neurogenesis. Neurogenesis process in two areas of the brain, the anterior adult mammals, including regional sub- ventriculus and dentate gyrus in various species, including rodents, primates and humans occurs. Millet is the family of Poaceae The seed of this plant has various vitamins and other valuable compounds such as polyphenols, carbohydrates and fatty acids.  the aim of this research is to examine the effect of alcoholic extracts of grain Millet on  neuronal density of Dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in  male mouse
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 24 adult male mice. first, the soxhelet of alcoholic extract form the seed of the Panicum miliaceum plant with herbarium code 9738 was prepared . Mice were randomly divided into 4 sanary groups of control and treat with extract with a dose of 25,50,75 mg/kg. In the groups of treat with extract, intraperitoneally (IP), for 21 day continuously with an invertal of 24 hours and the control group received normal saline injection. One month after the first injection, the animals were anesthetized and brain gently was out of the skall. After processing , seven-micron serial sections were stained with blue toluidine and erythrosine. Then dentate gyrus were photographed and neuronal density of dentate gyrus in different groups were evaluated by stereological methods and based on the statistical program  were compared with control groups.
Results: In the treatment group with a dose of 25 mg / kg, the neuronal density of the DG region was significantly increased compared to the control group (P = 0.001). Also, in the treatment group with a dose of 50 mg / kg and 75 mg / kg, there was a significant increase in neuronal density of DG region compared to control group (P = 0).
Conclusion: This study showed that  the alcoholic extract of the seed of Panicum miliaceum plant, Probably causes the increase of neurons of the dentate gyrus of the lab mice. It is likely that, alcoholic extracts of Millet grain  increased neurogenesis, so that increased  the neuronal density.